Mnemonics

“Silly Sandy rocks! She builds tunnels�?

Silicosis:

• Sanblasting

• Rock mining

• Tunneling

原始发布�?achingtentacles

�?Beto* insults that ship’s pipes�?

Asbestosis

• Insulators

• Shipyard workers

• Pipe fitting

原始发布�?banditnarwhal

�?Busy cotton*�?

Byssinosis:

• Cotton

原始发布�?mabohstarbuck

�?Very electronic*�?

Berylliosis:

• Electronic manufacture

原始发布�?bullet-proof-love-ptv

�?Sugar* makes me *vaga�? (vaga is Spanish for lazy)

Bagassosis:

• Moldy sugar cane

原始发布�?yoitskojo

Pathophysiology

Classifications

Asbestosis

• Etiology: Airborne asbestos fibers
• Population at risk:
  • Asbestos miners and millers
  • Brake linings and insulation manufactures
  • Ship construction workers
  • Demolishers
• Clinical features:
  • Symptoms typically develop 15�?0 years after initial exposure.
  • Exertional dyspnea
  • Dry cough that transforms into productive cough
  • Digital clubbing
  • Ferruginous bodies in alveolar septa on histology
  • Complications
    • Lung cancer (smoking increases the risk):bronchogenic carcinoma is most common
    • Mesothelioma: rarely occurs without a history of asbestos exposure
• Chest x-ray:
  • Diffuse bilateral infiltrates predominantly in the lower lobes
  • Interstitial fibrosis
  • Calcified pleural plaques (usually indicate benign pleural disease)
• Microscopic
  • 

  This is the causative agent for asbestosis, a long, thin asbestos fiber. Some houses, business locations, and ships still contain building products with asbestos, particularly insulation materials, so care must be taken when doing remodelling or reconstruction.

Silicosis

• Etiology
  • Inhalation of crystalline silica, most commonly as dust
  • High-risk occupations for the development of silicosis include sandblasting, mining, and working in foundries

• Clinical features
  • Chronic cough (often with sputum) and exertional dyspnea
  • Caplan syndrome: pneumoconiosis in combination with rheumatoid arthritis; characterized by rapid development of basilar nodules and mild obstruction of ventilation
• Chest x-ray
  • Eggshell calcification: well-defined sickle-shaped calcification of the rims of hilar lymph nodes
  • Bilateral diffuse ground glass opacities
  • Large number of rounded, solitary, small (�?1 cm in diameter) opacities particularly in the upper lobe of the lungs
• Biopsy: silicotic nodules, characterized by weakly birefringent silica particles in a central hyalinized region surrounded by concentric "onion-skin" collagen fibers
• Etiology:
• Population at risk:
• Clinical features:
• Chest x-ray:
• Etiology:
• Population at risk:
• Clinical features:
• Chest x-ray:
• Etiology:
• Population at risk:
• Clinical features:
• Chest x-ray:
• Etiology:
• Population at risk:
• Clinical features:
• Chest x-ray:
• Etiology:
• Population at risk:
• Clinical features:
• Chest x-ray:

Clinical features

Diagnostics

Treatment