- 骨髓(招募中心和兵工厂): 为整个防御网络创造所有新兵(免疫细胞)。
- 胸腺(精英训练学院): 一所专门的学校,其中一类士兵(T细胞)在此接受训练,以区分敌我。
- 外周组织(边境巡逻): 国家边境,哨兵提供第一道防线并报告任何入侵。
- 淋巴结(地区军事基地): 分析边境报告、制定作战计划以及激活专门部队(T细胞和B细胞)以执行有针对性任务的总部。
- 外周血(高速公路系统): 用于将部队和武器从基地运往冲突地区的运输网络。
- 脾脏(中央安全检查站): 监测主要高速公路(血流)上的重大威胁的情报总部,并清除老旧、损坏的车辆(衰老的红细胞)。
Feature | Thymus | Lymph Nodes | Spleen |
---|---|---|---|
Function | T-cell Maturation & education (Primary lymphoid organ) | Filters Lymph; site of B & T cell activation against lymph-borne antigens (Secondary lymphoid organ) | Filters Blood; removes old RBCs & mounts immune response to blood-borne pathogens. (Secondary lymphoid organ) |
Key Zones | Cortex: Immature T-cells Medulla: Mature T-cells, Hassall’s corpuscles | Follicle (Cortex): B-cells Paracortex: T-cells, high endothelial venules Medulla: Plasma cells & macrophages | White Pulp: Lymphoid tissue (T-cells in PALS, B-cells in follicles) Red Pulp: Venous sinuses & macrophages; filters blood |
Input/Output | Blood brings precursors; mature T-cells exit via blood/efferents. No afferent lymphatics. | Many Afferent lymphatics enter; one Efferent lymphatic exits at hilum. | Splenic Artery (blood in) → Splenic Vein (blood out). |
Key Pathology | DiGeorge Syndrome (aplasia) Myasthenia Gravis (thymoma/hyperplasia) | Painful lymphadenopathy (acute infection) Painless, fixed lymphadenopathy (malignancy) | Asplenia/Splenectomy: ↑ Risk from encapsulated bacteria (S. pneumo, H. flu, N. meningitidis) |