Epidemiology

Etiology

Pathophysiology

Clinical features

Subtypes and variants

Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis of infancy (FPIAP)

• Definition: a type of delayed inflammatory non-IgE-mediated food allergy typically seen in young infants that affects the distal colon
• Epidemiology: primarily affects young infants (typically manifests at 2–8 weeks of age)
• Etiology
  • Hypersensitivity reaction to certain foods, most commonly cow's milk, followed by soy protein, rice, and eggs
  • Associated with a personal and family history of atopy
• Clinical features
  • Insidious progression of symptoms over several months
    • Rectal bleeding
    • Increased stool frequency
    • Streaks of mucus in the stool
    • Abdominal pain
  • Affected infants typically appear otherwise healthy.
• Histopathology findings include infiltration of eosinophils within the lamina propria and muscularis mucosa.

Diagnostics

Treatment