Epidemiology

Etiology

• Idiopathic Degenerative Fibrosis (commonest).
• Ischaemia.
• Cardiomyopathies.
• Infiltrative Diseases e.g. sarcoidosis, haemochromatosis.
• Congenital abnormalities.

Pathophysiology

Clinical features

Diagnostics

Typical ECG findings include bradycardia, sinus pauses (delayed P waves), and sinus arrest (prolonged delay of a P wave such that the P wave is dropped).

Treatment